Sugar-making product.



reactor.

IlltID @Irhdlil PAlt I 1 l l lmt.

GEORGE W. MCMULLEN, 01' LPICTON, ONTARIO, CANADA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, T0 ZALMON G. SIMMONS, 0F KENOSHA, WISCONSIN, ANDREW W. PRESTON, OF SWAMPSCOTT, MASSACHUSETTS, AND BRADLEY W. PALMER, 013 BOSTON, MASSA- onvsnrirs, 'rRus'rEns.

SUGAR-MAKING PRODUCT.

No Drawing.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed November 2 1. 1911.

Patented Met. 8, 1912', Serial No. 662,082.

T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Gnonoii W. lVlClVIUIr LEN, a citizen of the United States, rcsiding at Picton, Ontario, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improve ments in Sugar-lVIaking Products, of Which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in sugar-making products and. processes of making the same and refers more particularly to improvements in the art of treating sugar-cane. V

The chief object of my invention is to produce finely-disintegrated stably-dry sugarcane comprising both the pith and woody constituents of the cane; the pith, to within a relatively small percentage ofthe whole,

structurally dissociated from the woody eonstitiients and reduced to granular or sawdust form and the Woody portions, to within a relatively small percentage, structurally dissociated from the pith andin the form of excelsior-like filaments rangingiinlength from a foot or more down to fractions of an inch.' Such disintegrated sugar-cane contains its, sugar content practically uninverted and is characterized before being dried by being an open permeable but more or less coherent mass through which hot gases may be passed readily and freely for the purpose of drying, and which after drying may be compressed into a bale which is permanently stable even under adverse atmospheric conditions and exposures and which remains immuneto fermentation bone'ath the surface and immediately subjacent int portions. The mass is further characterized, after being dried, in that the pith and Woody shreds are structurally dissociated rom one another and can be efficiently separated.

It is well known that sugar-cane comprises two classes of cellular tissue, namely, the Woody fibers and the pith.

I take the sugar cane when harvested and in the condition in which it is common to subject it to crushing mills and I shred it finely, thereby reducing it to a mass in which the pith ';0 within a relatively small proportio of the whole, is in the form of sawdust-1i e particles and the woody (0Ilstituents exist in the form of fine excelsiorlike filaments ranging in length from a fracents are quite per the tl y torn apart and structurally dissociated but at the same time they are thoroughly intermingled in th'e mass. This mixture of pith and shreds is an open permeable and more or less coherent mass. In order to bring the mass into the above condition I shred the canewhen it is in substantially the same condition as when freshly cut; and the apparatus used should be capable of reducing the woody constituents to comparatively fine or (Excelsior-like shreds or filaments. I have found thatany sugar juices, that are exuded from the cane during the shredding,are again absorbed by the shreds and the pith and are therefore fully retained. In prescncdot the sugar juices, the pithy matter is loosely coherent fermentation or invci'sion has taken place and under such conditions that neither inversion or caramelizat ion will occur.

The water may be removed 'from the shredded mass bydryinp; it in any suitable apparatus in which the material is subjected, in well-distributed or spread-out form, to the action of a current of heated air or other gas which is conducted through the mass of material.

I have found that the condition to which the mass has been shredded is a feature of much importance in the step of dryng. That is to say, the presence of the excelsiorlike or filamentary woody fibers insures the mass being lrcpt in a SlliIlClOlllllY,OPOll and permeable condition as to permit free flow of the gases and. vapors. thci'ethrough. whereby the moisture is readily mtra cmd from every part oi? the mass.

In order that the material should be rendered chemically stable under ordinary atmospheric exposures it is necessary that it be dried to a condition containing less than thirty per cent. moisture and I prefer to reduce the moisture content to from six to fifteen per cent.

Ordinarily in the practical carrying out of sugar making; it will be necessary or desirable to transport the product from the performed. For thispurpose I reduce the vicinity where the cane is grown, shredded and dried, to some other location where the sugar making can be more advantageously dried product to such form that it can be mosteconomically transported and be at the same time stable, even under adverse conditions. a

I have discovered that this dry product produced as above described may be compacted into blocksso dense as to be practically impervious to moisture and immune against fermentation. I have discovered that if the material above described is not dried below a moisturecontent of say'six to ten per cent; it may be compacted in ar ordinary baling'press to a density of about forty to sixty pounds per cubic foot, and that in this condition the blocks or bales vyilLnot only retain their form without bind ing wires but may be exposed to rain and the weather without spoiling or becoming water-soaked except on the surface. Moreover, the interior of such bale appears to be immune against fermentation, and this is so notwithstanding whatever has been taken to insure sterilization or to avoid infection of the material before baling. J

2. Disintegrated sugar-cane, dried to a condition of chemical stability, having its sugar content substantially uninverted and. comprising a dense, compacted mixture of granular pithy matter with filamentary shreds of woody fiber.

3. Disintegrated sugar-cane, dried to a condition of chemical stability and having that no precaution its sugar content substantially uninvcrted and compacted to a state of substantial impermeability to atmospheric moisture.

4. As a new sugar-producing product, disintegrated sugar-cane, stably dry, having its sugar content substantially uninverted and comprising a mixture of the pith and woody constituents, the pith, to within a relatively small percentage of the whole, structurally dissociated from the woody constituents and reduced to sawdust-like form, and the Woody constituents, to Within a relatively small percentage. of the whole,

structurally dissociated from the pith and in the form of excelsior-like filaments varying in length from several inches down to fractions of an inch.

5. A dense block or bale substantially weatherproof in and of itself and consisting of disintegrated sugar-cane, stably dry, having its sugar content substantially uninverted and comprising a mixture of the pith and Woody constituents, the pith, to within arelatively small percc'ntage of the whole, structurally dissociated from the Woody constituents and reduced to sawdust-like form and the woody constituents, to within a relatively small percentage of the whole,

structurally dissociated from the pith and in the form of excelsior-like filaments varyiug in length from several inches down to fractions of an inch.

6. As a newarticle of manufacture, a mass, in the form of a solid blocker bale, composed of disintegrated sugar-cane, practically impermeable to weather exposures,-

stable under-weather exposures except as to the surface portlons thereof, and compacted and cemented together lnto said solld forin in and by the Water and sugar contents thereof.

7., As a new article of manufacture, disintegrated sugar-cane, dried to a condition of chemical stability and comprising a mixture of pity matter and-fibrous shrcds.

'8. A bale of disintegrated sugar-cane, practically stable as regards deterioration under weather exposures, and of a specific gravity not much less than 1.

GEORGE W. MGMULLEN.

Witnesses:

HECTOR M. HoLMEs, J. SIDNEY STONE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents Washington, D. G.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,040,561, grgmtedOctoher 8, 1912, upon the application of George W. McMuilen, ot' Picton, Ontario, Canada, for an v r v. improvement in Sugaehiiuking Products, an error appears in the printed spec-L fication requiring correction as follows: Page 2, line 95, for the word pity reed pit/1y; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein thatthe same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oiiice.

Signed and sealed this 10th day of December, A. D., 1912.

[SEAL] (J. O. BILLINGS,

Acting Cbmmissimzer of Patents. 

